Monday, June 18, 2007

Scientific Premises

This philosophical journey must necessarily start at the beginning, for every philosophy must possess a strong foundation. While I am no scientist, in the present day in age a general knowledge of science is essential when seeking to explain the workings of the world and this holds true for political philosophy as well.
It is worth noting that this is certainly not the first time that political theorists have attempted to base their theories in science. The early liberal thinkers attempted to base their ideas on Galileo’s and Isaac Newton’s conceptions of physics, describing human beings fundamentally as “matter in motion.” Karl Marx attempted to create a “scientific” theory of history, just as Darwin had presented a biological theory of evolution. However, none of these theorists have been able to root their theories and philosophies in the flesh and blood of human beings – as is essential if we are to make effective prescriptions for human political organization as well as ethics and morals. Thus, I have attempted to base my theories in human biology in order to get as close as I am able to the fundamental building blocks of life.
There are two scientific premises for Universalism; premises that current political theories lack.

One is Zoological:
- Human beings are a natural species in the natural world and therefore, like all living things, we must possess a niche and a functional role within our environment; which in the case of humans, extends globally across every sort of terrain and ecosystem. A species niche can be said to constitute its purpose within nature, and since every naturally occurring species has a role in nature, we must have one too.
- Due to our advanced degree of evolution, human beings have the ability to create their own environment to a considerable degree by building cities and so forth. In the sense of being able to build a “created” environment for ourselves, human beings may be for primates what ants, termites, and bees are for insects. The powers that our evolutionary process have given us, have allowed us to shape the environment to a hitherto unheard of degree.
- In the created environment of human society we each specialize professionally according to our natural talents that give rise to our learned skills within the diverse framework of the human species. Because of the diversity of the human form, each individual human being has a purpose, just as any animal adapts to fulfill a certain role within the framework of its species. We are the most diverse and sophisticated animals on the planet, so naturally our range of biological specialization is greater than all others.
- Human society, though created by us, has its foundations in the social nature of all primates; none of whom can be said to be solitary beings. Human society can therefore be said to be a society within nature. Despite our excesses and in spite of all our “progress” we are still natural beings that emerged from nature to fill a particular ecological niche, a niche that grew ever larger as we ourselves advanced and evolved. We have never, and will never be removed from the nature that gave birth to us.
- We lose sight of our status as natural beings at our own peril, lest we become alienated from our essence as a species. This is something that we risk doing if we lose sight of our natural status amid all our technology and accomplishments.
- Given our status as the most powerful, most wide-ranging, and adaptable species on the planet, the only natural purpose that we can have in nature is to serve as its caretaker. Nature gave the power of rational choice to us and to us alone, so that we ourselves could logically draw this conclusion that we are the guardians and keepers of the world. The Earth is the cradle of life, for our own species and for all species, the challenge that our purpose gives us as the guardian species, is to ensure that it remains so for all time. That is our logical purpose as a species, our zoological niche within nature’s framework, and the logical function of our evolution. Fundamentally we still depend on nature and it is within our own interest and in the interest of all living things that we ensure its protection.

The Second is Genetic:
- Based on the human genetic code that contains the natural aptitudes, talents, and characteristics of our species, each human being possesses a natural potential encased in DNA. From this DNA is derived a set of natural aptitudes that form the strengths that manifest within an individual from a young age and which guide that individual’s path in learning skills and acquiring knowledge.
- Natural talent forms the basis of human development and if nurtured and cared for this natural talent with blossom and allow the human being in question to achieve their full potential in life. By honing their strengths to the fullest extent, human beings can empower themselves to the greatest degree and reach the apex of fulfillment.
- It is from just such natural talents that human beings build up their skill set, knowledge base, and ultimately derive their rightful purpose within human society. It is the natural right of every living thing to develop to maturity, and therefore it is the natural right of every human being to achieve their placement in society based on their individual merit.
- We are therefore naturally purposeful beings and this is a fact that we cannot remain ignorant of. It is impossible to realize one’s natural purpose, and to fulfill one’s natural potential without knowledge of oneself and one’s nature as a human being within the wider framework of the human species. Ultimately we must possess the will to achieve what is within ourselves.
- Under the common umbrella of the human species and its greater purpose as the guardian species of the world is a massively diverse array of individual purpose and potential to be realized and fulfilled. It is the duty of every human being, in order to effectively contribute to the greater purpose of humanity, to undergo this process of realization and fulfillment.

Political Implications
- A healthy society will be obligated to facilitate the path of human development and actualization. Human society must logically follow the model of humanity – a strong and unified framework with great dynamism and diversity within its structure as a whole. Society must reflect this reality.
- When the zoological and genetic implications are combined with the reality of human beings as primates, and thus naturally social and communally organized beings, it becomes clear that human beings can only truly find fulfillment through interaction with others in a communal setting. Thus fulfillment is a shared process and by strengthening community ties, education, employment opportunities, and other avenues for individual fulfillment and collective solidarity, society can ensure human wellbeing. As human beings we are unified in our diversity, and thus individual fulfillment and communal solidarity must march hand in hand.
- To effectively give guidance, inspiration, and direction to human beings, a leader must possess a basic level of biological and psychological knowledge. This is essential in order to have a fundamental grasp on what is good for human beings and what laws and policies to enact to ensure human wellbeing. Ultimately, those in authority must set a dignified example through effective action – demonstrating visibly the power of the fulfilled human being as an inspiration for others to reach out and achieve their potential. Such leadership demands professionalism.
- Human society is made up of the flesh and blood of human beings, within which is contained the building blocks of our species. The unity in diversity, the individual and the community, define us as natural beings and society must reflect this. Any system that cuts human beings off from their natural essence will ultimately result in suffering, alienation, and self-destruction. We must be true to our human essence in order to live in dignity – society must be meaningful for its citizens.

Conclusion: In conclusion, we are nature’s highest creation and we must start acting as such, instead of wallowing in mediocrity and degeneration. In nature, the strongest is lord, but because of nature’s interdependent framework, that lord depends upon those he is lord over and has an interest in protecting them in the long-term. Thus the highest ranked species in a food web has a distinct interest and a natural responsibility in maintaining the ecological environment that sustains them.
As human beings we are the dominant species on the planet. Our dominance is universal and thus our responsibility is universal as well. The mightiest bears the responsibility of safeguarding the greater whole, of human society, and of the natural environment. For too long now, we humans have behaved like tyrants with regard to our natural position of leadership within nature and we must realize that by destroying nature we destroy ourselves. When the strongest behaves like a tyrant, all suffer, including the tyrant, but when the strongest behaves with benevolence, everyone benefits. It is critical to our own survival and wellbeing, as well as that of all living things, that we as human beings fulfill our duty as a species. We are the planet’s guardians and we must never grow lax in our role, for we are on watch and on call for as long as our species is in existence. Our purpose exists as long as the human form exists to give it physical shape.

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